The leaves can be used fresh or dried for use as a spice. The chemical constituents the chemical constituents which have been isolated from the plant include terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponin glycosides and ascorbic acid. Ocimum basilicum, popular known as basil or sweet basil, is a common herb that belongs to. Sweet basil ocimum basilicum is regarded as an environmental weed in western australia and queensland. Basil ocimum basilicum family lamiaceae mints basil is a green or red herb with a unique sweet yet sharp taste, its subtle liquorice flavour is earthy, full, and fresh. Review article pharmacological activities of ocimum. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the. Ocimum gratissimum is a variable, polymorphic species with many forms. Ocimum basilicum tincture significantly reduced the total leukocyte count, monocyte percentage, activation of circulating phagocytes, but had a slight inhibitory effect on no synthesis. Ocimum basilicum, phytochemical constituents, terpenes.
Os has been adored in almost all ancient ayurvedic texts for its extraordinary medicinal properties. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet basil. Limebasil is called ocimum americanum, holy basil is called ocimum tenuiflorum, and african basil is called ocimum gratissimum common brand names prescription and otc otc combination product. Ocimum basilicum is a common herb that is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. Omegacoeur omega3, omega6, and omega9 fatty acids, garlic, and basil. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet. Ocimum basilicum, also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints basil is native to tropical regions from central africa to southeast asia. Ocimum basilicum, commonly called basil, or sweet basil, is an annual plant of the ocimum genus belonging to the lamiaceae family. The genus ocimum comprises between 50 and 150 species of herbs and shrubs.
Dec 23, 2019 sacchetti g, medici a, maietti s, et al. This particular genus in the family of the mints has been selected for his characteristics, particulary for his leaf size, flower color, physical appearance, and top of them aroma. A total of 146 microbial organisms belonging to 55 bacteria, and four fungi, and a yeast species were studied using a diskdiffusion and minimal inhibition concentration mic method. Basil herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients. Original article optimisation study of gum extraction from basil seeds ocimum basilicum l. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of methanolic leaf extract of ocimum basilicum l.
Basil is a popular herb, and some people use it for medicinal purposes. Razavi,1 seyed ali mortazavi,1 lara matiamerino,2 seyed h. Phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial and grain. Balanoy and solasi are shared common names, of two varieties of basil. Juvocimene i and ii have been reported as potent juvenile hormone analogs 15. The leaves and stems are used internally in the treatment of colds, especially chest colds. The leaves of plant contain methylchaylcol, linalol, eugenol, thymol and xanthamicrol. On the therapeutic uses of ocimum sanctumtulsi pharmatutor. Study of pharmacological effect of ocimum basilicum. The growth and development of sweet basil ocimum basilicum and bush basil ocimum minimum grown under three. There are many opinions on the origin of the word basil. Biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet basil. Combining increases in plant yield and increases in oil yield the bluered led array.
Ocimum basilicum is an important medicinal plant and a culinary herb that is said to contain several antioxidant compounds and display important effects at cellular level, including the platelet antiaggregate property and inhibitory activity against hiv1 reverse transcriptase 4. Basil is used in both ayurvedic and unani system of medicine and is also popular for its culinary and ornamental uses. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic. It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. Other great health benefits of tulsi are its ability to treat common cold and fever. Abstract among the aromatic herbs, basil ocimum basilicum l has economic importance in brazil, and its consumption both in nature is used for industrial processing. Studies of antimicrobial properties of different leaf extract. Ocimum tenuiflorum is closely related to culinary basil ocimum basilicum, but differs in being a shortlived perennial with smaller flowers. The importance of the sweet basil ocimum basilicum l. Aug 12, 2018 medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial.
In india, basil was believed to be imbued with a divine. Pdf some endemic species of medicinal and culinary herbs are of particular interest due to. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic value of essential oil. Ocimum basilicum l antiinflammatory actions and potential usage for arthritic conditions. The chemical constituents which have been isolated. Traditionally, sweet basil has been used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of headaches, coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, worms, and kidney malfunctions. Biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet.
Requires a sunny sheltered position if grown outdoors52. Others hold that the name ocimum basilicum derives from the greek. Because of multifarious potentialities and fine aroma chemicals, ocimum possesses tremendous medicinal. Ocimum basilicum, also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints. From ancient times, medicinal and aromatic plants have been of great use for curing various diseases and ailments. Depending on the species and cultivar, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with a strong, pungent, often. How basil is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. A natural source of antioxidants and neutraceuticals. Antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure constituents of ocimum basilicum. Page 1 queen of herbs tulsi ocimum sanctum removes impurities from water and plays disinfectant role babita labh kayastha 1 1.
Ocimum phytochemicals and their potential impact on human. Ocimum basilicum is closely related to and frequently confused with ocimum africanum and ocimum americanum, but they can be identified on the basis of indumentum hair distribution and flower size. There are many varieties and related species or species hybrids also called basil. This particular genus in the family of the mints has been selected for his characteristics, particulary for his leaf size, flower color. Composition and functional properties of the essential oil of amazonian basil, ocimum micranthum willd. In this paper, we evaluated genotoxic, oxidative, and antiinflammatory parameters from the extract of ocimum basilicum. The essential oil is valued in the international market and widely used in condiments, cosmetics and.
It is in flower from august to september, and the seeds ripen in september. Pdf ocimum basilicum is a common herb that is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. The essential oils and phytochemicals found in this holy herb are rich in antiviral and antibiotic properties. Ocimum basilicum, phytochemical study, pharmacological investigations 1. Effect of methanolic leaf extract of ocimum basilicum l. Names of basil in various languages of the world are also given. Researchers reveal that basil contains varieties of essential oils that are rich in polyphenolic and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and anthocyanins. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves arc journal of pharmaceutical sciences ajps page 3 the result of mineral composition of ocimum gratissimum leaves revealed calcium to be highest in. The genus ocimum has a number of species that are used to treat different types of disorders and diseases from ancient times. Antioxidative stress the protective effect of essential oils and watersoluble extracts derived from three different cultivars of sweet basil has been evaluated in cultured cardiomyocytes.
Commonly known as holy basil or tulsi and tulasi in south asia, it is an important sacred plant in hinduism and, as with many plant species used in asia, the religious uses are often linked with the medicinal uses. Sweet basil ocimum basilicum will grow to a size of 12 feet in height. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in basil. Lemonscented cultivars are usually the result of crosses between o.
Margaret whitelegg ba phd fnimh, in medical herbs, 2011. Ocimum basilicum is an erect, muchbranched, perennial, aromatic plant growing 20 80cm tall. The who survey shows that 80% of the populations in the developing countries use herbal medicine for their health needs. Os, tulsi, a medicinal herb used in the indigenous system of medicine. Basil is native to tropical regions from central africa to southeast asia. The therapeutic use of herbal crude medicines in different rural and urban communities is most of the time regulated by their traditional beliefs, and thus a majority. Tradition has it that basil was found growing around christs tomb after the resurrection, and consequently, some greek orthodox churches use it to prepare holy water and pots of basil are set below church altars. Basil or sweet basil is a popular culinary herb botanically known as ocimum basilicum of the family lamiaceae mint. Distributed worldwide it is found in the tropical regions of asia, africa and central and south america paton et al. Ocimum basilicum, popular known as basil or sweet basil, is a common herb that belongs to lamiaceae family. Corolla being 8 mm long are white, pink or purplish in colour, glabrous or variously pubescent. Ethanol, methanol, and hexane extracts from ocimum basilicum labiatae sweet basil were investigated for their invitro antimicrobial properties. Sweet basil is commonly grown as an aromatic culinary and medicinal herb in warm temperate and tropical climates. It is a small shrub with many branches and strongly scented green leaves.
It is also widely regarded for its healthenhancing properties. Jan 01, 2002 ocimum sanctum, or holy basil, is an aromatic plant that is native to the tropics of asia and africa, and is widespread as a cultivated plant and weed. It is pungent and bitter in taste and hot, light and dry in effect. The essential oil is valued in the international market and widely used in the industries of condiments, cosmetics and medicinal. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet basil from the usda plants database. Gc analysis and subacute toxicity level of the extract were tested. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil is related to other similar species. Limebasil is called ocimum americanum, holy basil is called ocimum tenuiflorum, and african basil is called ocimum gratissimum. Sweet basil has been used for thousands of years as a culinary and medicinal herb. Most varieties are treated as annuals but some are perennial in warmer climates. It is universally cultivated as herbaceous, perennial plant but originated from asian continent.
Seeds are dark brown to black, ellipsoid and mucilaginous. Basil is an annual plant, which is originally from asia before spreading to other parts of the world. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum bimbima. The plant is often grown as an annual, especially in cooler climates. Ocimum basilicum, commonly called basil, is a native of africa and asia. The use of ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant could be beneficial for cardiovascular system 32. Some say the word basil is an a bbreviated form of the greek. Here, learn about the possible health benefits and how to add basil to the diet. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves. The herb helps strengthen the immune system in the body to fight fever from viruses. It has at times been treated as a number of distinct species, in particular ocimum suave willd. Among the aromatic herbs, basil ocimum basilicum l figure 1 has economic importance in brazil, and its consumption occurs both in nature and added for industrial processing.
Ocimum gratissimum linn lamiaceae is an herbaceous plant reputed for many medicinal and agronomic practices amongst nigerian peasant farmers. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial. It acts principally on the digestive and nervous systems, easing flatulence, stomach cramps, colic and indigestion. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees. Original article optimisation study of gum extraction from. Basil ocimum basilicum is a popular kitchen herb used for flavouring food. This species is very commonly cultivated in gardens as a culinary herb, and numerous cultivars and varieties are available.
These diverse genotypes have a wide range of uses and proposes. Basil has been a staple of medicine for generations and the herb has been used to treat a variety of different conditions, from inflammation to bug bites. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 6820 with original publication details. Prefers a rich light welldrained to dry soil1, 27, 238. However, it has escaped cultivation, particularly in the tropical and semiarid regions of northern australia. The growth and development of sweet basil ocimum basilicum. The chemical constituents which have been isolated from the plant include terpenoids, alkaloids. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves arc journal of pharmaceutical sciences ajps page 3 the result of mineral composition of ocimum gratissimum leaves revealed calcium to be highest in concentration and chromium least in concentration as shown in table 2. Phytochemical constituents and phar macological activities. Highquality assembly of sweet basil genome biorxiv. Phytochemical analysis and mineral elements composition of. Studies of antimicrobial properties of different leaf.
Therapeutic uses of ocimum sanctum linn tulsiseveral medicinal properties have been attributed to ocimum sanctum l. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the. Philippine herbal medicine an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo stuart, with botanical information, chemical proerties, folkloric uses and research studies. Introduction plant kingdom presents the richest source of remedies to diverse human ailments. Antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure. The juice extracted from fresh leaves is folk medicine to treat respiratory disorders, fever, ear pain etc. Ocimum sanctum, or holy basil, is an aromatic plant that is native to the tropics of asia and africa, and is widespread as a cultivated plant and weed. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil, common basil, thai basil. A very commonly used herb with a range of culinary and medicinal applications. Solasi is a common name shared by 1 luminitzera racemosa kulasi, 2 ocimum basilicum, solasi, and.
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